{
  "about": "The grammar of entities/ on this site: the types of node, and the verbs an edge may carry, each with a distinct inverse. A node is just a node: what it is comes from its edges. There is no generic 'related to' or 'mentions' edge: the rows that mention a node are a query the page runs, not an edge. Each type lists its own vocabulary (the verbs its nodes may start); only the grammar is shared: {verb, to, label, source, read_utc, origin}. tools/entities-make.mjs refuses a node or an edge this file does not allow. Kept by incident.entities@web-summit.dinis.",
  "version": 3,
  "by": "incident.entities@web-summit.dinis",
  "updated": "2026-11-11T08:47:12Z",
  "every_edge": {
    "verb": "one of the verbs below",
    "to": "a node id: <type>/<id>",
    "label": "fact | evidence | hypothesis, taken from the row or decision the edge was read from; 'ours' when it is this site's own definition or calendar",
    "source": "the https address the row or decision gives",
    "read_utc": "when it was read, where the row or decision records it; null when the row gives the time only in words (then read_note carries the row's words)",
    "says": "the row's or decision's own words (shortened), so the edge can be checked against them",
    "origin": "the file and the row or item the edge was taken from"
  },
  "names": {
    "rule": "A node is linked wherever one of its names (name, also) appears. A name written with a capital is matched exactly; a name written all in lower case is matched in any case. The longest name wins; the first mention in each paragraph is linked."
  },
  "labels": {
    "fact": "read on the channel of the body that decides or warns",
    "evidence": "reported by others, with its source",
    "hypothesis": "our analysis, with its reasons; never stated as fact",
    "ours": "this site's own summary, definition or calendar: not a claim about the storm"
  },
  "types": {
    "body": {
      "what": "A public body that decides, warns or polices: an authority, the government, a ministry, a municipality.",
      "graph": "actor:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "issued",
        "decided",
        "has_not_announced",
        "is_expected_to",
        "runs",
        "part_of",
        "relays_messages_of",
        "named"
      ]
    },
    "organisation": {
      "what": "An organiser or a company that is not a public body: Web Summit, its programmes, a bridge operator.",
      "graph": "actor:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "decided",
        "has_not_announced",
        "is_expected_to",
        "consulted",
        "runs",
        "part_of",
        "held_at",
        "led_by",
        "relays_messages_of"
      ]
    },
    "service": {
      "what": "Something people use that can run, be restricted or stop: transport, schools, an airport, museums.",
      "graph": "actor:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "decided",
        "has_not_announced",
        "is_expected_to",
        "serves",
        "part_of"
      ]
    },
    "role": {
      "what": "A public office or role, as that role: a minister, a mayor, a chief executive. Never a private person.",
      "graph": "actor:<id> where the decision graph has it",
      "verbs": [
        "holds_office_in",
        "decided",
        "works_for",
        "expects_landfall_near",
        "operates",
        "instructs"
      ]
    },
    "place": {
      "what": "Somewhere: a city, a district, a region, a bridge, a venue, a cape.",
      "graph": "place:<IPMA area code> or actor:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "located_in",
        "decided",
        "has_not_announced"
      ]
    },
    "day": {
      "what": "A calendar day (UTC; Lisbon is on UTC in November): what was decided, warned and observed that day.",
      "verbs": [
        "precedes"
      ]
    },
    "programme-day": {
      "what": "A day of an organiser's programme (Web Summit's Day 2), which is not the calendar day it falls on.",
      "verbs": [
        "falls_on",
        "part_of"
      ]
    },
    "hazard": {
      "what": "What the warnings warn of and the decisions give as their reason: the storm itself, wind, rain, the sea, flooding.",
      "verbs": [
        "named_by",
        "observed_at"
      ]
    },
    "warning": {
      "what": "A warning or communiqué from a body that warns (the same items the graph calls Warning).",
      "graph": "warning:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "affects",
        "follows",
        "supersedes",
        "made_on",
        "in_force_on",
        "covers",
        "warns_of",
        "instance_of",
        "forecasts_passage_near"
      ]
    },
    "decision": {
      "what": "Something an actor decided, said it expects, or has not yet announced (the same items the graph calls Decision).",
      "graph": "decision:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "affects",
        "follows",
        "supersedes",
        "made_on",
        "in_force_on",
        "covers",
        "cites_hazard",
        "cites_risk_to",
        "cancels",
        "aims_to_hold",
        "restricts",
        "closes",
        "instance_of"
      ]
    },
    "term": {
      "what": "A word this site or an authority uses with a fixed meaning: fact, evidence, hypothesis, red warning, alert situation, lead time.",
      "verbs": [
        "kind_of",
        "used_by",
        "declared_by",
        "measured_on"
      ]
    },
    "outlet": {
      "what": "Where others report: a newspaper, a broadcaster, a wire, as incident.media@ keeps them (research/media/outlets.json).",
      "graph": "actor:outlet:<id>",
      "verbs": [
        "reported"
      ]
    },
    "agent": {
      "what": "An agent of the team that keeps this site, from the public keys in data/keys.json. The live pages are under /agents/.",
      "graph": "agent:<name>",
      "verbs": [
        "member_of"
      ]
    }
  },
  "verbs": {
    "issued": {
      "inverse": "issued_by",
      "reads": "issued",
      "inverse_reads": "was issued by",
      "to": [
        "warning"
      ]
    },
    "decided": {
      "inverse": "decided_by",
      "reads": "decided or announced",
      "inverse_reads": "was decided or announced by",
      "to": [
        "decision"
      ]
    },
    "has_not_announced": {
      "inverse": "awaited_from",
      "reads": "has not announced",
      "inverse_reads": "is awaited from",
      "to": [
        "decision"
      ]
    },
    "is_expected_to": {
      "inverse": "expected_of",
      "reads": "is expected to (a hypothesis, never a fact)",
      "inverse_reads": "is expected of",
      "to": [
        "decision"
      ]
    },
    "affects": {
      "inverse": "affected_by",
      "reads": "is addressed to or touches",
      "inverse_reads": "is touched by",
      "to": [
        "body",
        "organisation",
        "service",
        "place",
        "role"
      ]
    },
    "follows": {
      "inverse": "followed_by",
      "reads": "came after (time order only: it does not claim cause)",
      "inverse_reads": "was followed by",
      "to": [
        "decision",
        "warning"
      ]
    },
    "supersedes": {
      "inverse": "superseded_by",
      "reads": "replaces",
      "inverse_reads": "was replaced by",
      "to": [
        "decision",
        "warning"
      ]
    },
    "made_on": {
      "inverse": "day_of",
      "reads": "was made on",
      "inverse_reads": "is the day of",
      "to": [
        "day"
      ]
    },
    "in_force_on": {
      "inverse": "had_in_force",
      "reads": "is in force on",
      "inverse_reads": "had in force",
      "to": [
        "day"
      ]
    },
    "covers": {
      "inverse": "covered_by",
      "reads": "covers",
      "inverse_reads": "is covered by",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "warns_of": {
      "inverse": "warned_of_by",
      "reads": "warns of",
      "inverse_reads": "is warned of by",
      "to": [
        "hazard"
      ]
    },
    "cites_hazard": {
      "inverse": "cited_as_reason_by",
      "reads": "gives as a reason",
      "inverse_reads": "is given as a reason by",
      "to": [
        "hazard"
      ]
    },
    "cites_risk_to": {
      "inverse": "risk_cited_by",
      "reads": "gives as a reason the disruption of",
      "inverse_reads": "has its disruption given as a reason by",
      "to": [
        "service"
      ]
    },
    "cancels": {
      "inverse": "cancelled_by",
      "reads": "calls off",
      "inverse_reads": "was called off by",
      "to": [
        "programme-day"
      ]
    },
    "aims_to_hold": {
      "inverse": "aimed_for_by",
      "reads": "aims to hold",
      "inverse_reads": "is aimed for by",
      "to": [
        "programme-day"
      ]
    },
    "restricts": {
      "inverse": "restricted_by",
      "reads": "restricts the use of",
      "inverse_reads": "is restricted by",
      "to": [
        "place",
        "service"
      ]
    },
    "closes": {
      "inverse": "closed_by",
      "reads": "closes",
      "inverse_reads": "is closed by",
      "to": [
        "place",
        "service"
      ]
    },
    "instance_of": {
      "inverse": "has_instance",
      "reads": "is a",
      "inverse_reads": "has as an instance",
      "to": [
        "term"
      ]
    },
    "kind_of": {
      "inverse": "has_kind",
      "reads": "is a kind of",
      "inverse_reads": "has as a kind",
      "to": [
        "term"
      ]
    },
    "used_by": {
      "inverse": "uses_term",
      "reads": "is used by",
      "inverse_reads": "uses the term",
      "to": [
        "body",
        "organisation",
        "agent"
      ]
    },
    "declared_by": {
      "inverse": "declares",
      "reads": "is declared by",
      "inverse_reads": "declares",
      "to": [
        "body"
      ]
    },
    "measured_on": {
      "inverse": "has_measure",
      "reads": "was measured on",
      "inverse_reads": "has, measured on it,",
      "to": [
        "warning",
        "decision"
      ]
    },
    "runs": {
      "inverse": "run_by",
      "reads": "runs",
      "inverse_reads": "is run by",
      "to": [
        "place",
        "service",
        "organisation"
      ]
    },
    "serves": {
      "inverse": "served_by",
      "reads": "serves",
      "inverse_reads": "is served by",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "located_in": {
      "inverse": "contains",
      "reads": "is in",
      "inverse_reads": "contains",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "part_of": {
      "inverse": "has_part",
      "reads": "is part of",
      "inverse_reads": "has as a part",
      "to": [
        "body",
        "organisation",
        "service"
      ]
    },
    "held_at": {
      "inverse": "hosts",
      "reads": "is held at",
      "inverse_reads": "hosts",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "consulted": {
      "inverse": "consulted_by",
      "reads": "talked with, before deciding,",
      "inverse_reads": "was talked with by",
      "to": [
        "body"
      ]
    },
    "holds_office_in": {
      "inverse": "has_office",
      "reads": "holds office in",
      "inverse_reads": "has the office of",
      "to": [
        "body",
        "organisation"
      ]
    },
    "works_for": {
      "inverse": "employs",
      "reads": "works for",
      "inverse_reads": "has, working for it,",
      "to": [
        "body",
        "organisation"
      ]
    },
    "falls_on": {
      "inverse": "is_date_of",
      "reads": "falls on",
      "inverse_reads": "is the date of",
      "to": [
        "day"
      ]
    },
    "precedes": {
      "inverse": "preceded_by",
      "reads": "is the day before",
      "inverse_reads": "is the day after",
      "to": [
        "day"
      ]
    },
    "named": {
      "inverse": "named_by",
      "reads": "named",
      "inverse_reads": "was named by",
      "to": [
        "hazard"
      ]
    },
    "named_by": {
      "inverse": "named",
      "reads": "was named by",
      "inverse_reads": "named",
      "to": [
        "body"
      ]
    },
    "relays_messages_of": {
      "inverse": "has_messages_relayed_by",
      "reads": "relays the messages of",
      "inverse_reads": "has its messages relayed by",
      "to": [
        "body"
      ]
    },
    "reported": {
      "inverse": "reported_by",
      "reads": "reported (it is where we read it)",
      "inverse_reads": "was read in",
      "to": [
        "decision",
        "warning"
      ]
    },
    "member_of": {
      "inverse": "has_member",
      "reads": "is a member of",
      "inverse_reads": "has as a member",
      "to": [
        "organisation"
      ]
    },
    "led_by": {
      "inverse": "leads",
      "reads": "is led by",
      "inverse_reads": "leads",
      "to": [
        "agent"
      ]
    },
    "forecasts_passage_near": {
      "inverse": "passage_forecast_by",
      "reads": "names, for where the centre is most likely to pass,",
      "inverse_reads": "is named, for where the centre is most likely to pass, by",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "expects_landfall_near": {
      "inverse": "landfall_expected_by",
      "reads": "said the storm should come ashore near",
      "inverse_reads": "is where the storm should come ashore, as said by",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "observed_at": {
      "inverse": "saw",
      "reads": "was observed at",
      "inverse_reads": "saw",
      "to": [
        "place"
      ]
    },
    "operates": {
      "inverse": "operated_by",
      "reads": "operates",
      "inverse_reads": "is operated by",
      "to": [
        "organisation"
      ]
    },
    "instructs": {
      "inverse": "instructed_by",
      "reads": "instructs",
      "inverse_reads": "is instructed by",
      "to": [
        "agent"
      ]
    }
  }
}